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Geothermal Energy 101 |
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Geothermal energy is heat in the ground. Volcanoes and geysers are two visible examples of this energy at the earth's surface. Although there may not be a visual indication of geothermal energy elsewhere on the planet, it is accessible in the ground. In these areas, geothermal can be used, with a system known as ground source heat pumps.
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Applications
Geothermal energy can be used in several different ways. At its most basic, heated water from springs can be employed for cooking or warmth. In areas of high geothermal energy, such as the west coast of the United States, steam from the hot water can turn turbines to create electricity. Although Pennsylvania does not have great geothermal energy to produce electricity, we can still utilize the source with geothermal heat pumps. Underground, the temperature remains around 57 degrees throughout the year. A system of tubes pumps the energy above ground for use, providing warmth in the winter and cooling in the summer. Wells are dug and pipes buried in the ground. Fluid is circulated through the system. In winter it absorbs heat from the earth and warms the building. In summer it takes heat from the building and moves it to the earth.
Learn more: U.S. Department. of Energy - Geothermal Basics
National Renewable Energy Laboratory - Geothermal Energy Basics
Environmental
Geothermal energy is produced quietly. Compared to fossil fuels, it results in the creation of little pollution and there is no danger of fire, asphyxiation, or explosion. The space needed for a system is typically small and underground, and therefore has minimal, if any, visual impact.
Learn more: U.S. Department of Energy - The Environmental, Economic, and Employment Benefits of Geothermal Energy [pdf]
Economic
Initially, geothermal systems cost more than conventional heating and cooling systems. They have few moving parts. Because those parts are sheltered, they are durable and highly reliable. Proper design is vital to a carefree long-lived system. Homeowners and businesses must be particularly careful in screening their contractor.
Learn more: U.S. Department of Energy - Selecting and Installing a Geothermal Heat Pump System
 Installers-Interested in installing a geothermal system? Check out our business directory. History
Geothermal heat has been used for at least 10,000 years in the United States, beginning with Native Americans who went to hot springs for cleaning, warmth, and healing. In the 1880s, development of electricity generating power helped to provide lighting in some areas. Advances in technology have continued to today. Learn more: U.S. Department. of Energy - A History of Geothermal Energy in the United States
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Case Studies and Examples Case Study: Geothermal Heat Pump - Saint Francis University Special thanks to James M. Vizzini of CJL Engineering for his assistance
PA Home Energy: Ground Source Heat Pump Video Geothermal Education Office
- "Geothermal Energy: A Renewable Option" 21 min. video
-jump directly to: Geothermal Heat Pumps Case Study:Geothermal Project - Henley High Oregon Geothermal Heat Pumps in K-12 Schools: A Case Study of the Lincoln, Nebraska, Schools [pdf]
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